TeVCat Gamma-Ray Source Summary: Markarian 501

Canonical Name: Markarian 501

TeVCat Name: TeV J1653+397

Other Names: 4C +39.49
B3 1652+398
RGB J1653+397
H 1652+398
1ES 1652+398
3FGL J1653.9+3945
2HWC J1653+397
1LHAASO J1653+3943
4HWC J1654+3944

Source Type: HBL

R.A.: 16 53 52.2 (hh mm ss)

Dec.: +39 45 37 (dd mm ss)

Gal Long: 63.60 (deg)

Gal Lat: 38.86 (deg)

Distance: z=0.034

Flux: (Crab Units)

Energy Threshold: 300 GeV

Spectral Index: 2.72

Extended: No

Discovery Date: 1996-01

Discovered By: Whipple

TeVCat SubCat: Default Catalog

Source Notes:

Source position and its uncertainty:
- no information available
- the source position provided by NED is used

The flux from Markarian 501 has been found to be variable

Spectral Index:
The spectrum of Mrk501 has found to be variable
From Acciari et al. (2010):
- VERITAS index: 2.72 +/- 0.15(stat) +/- 0.10(syst)
- MAGIC index: 2.67 +/- 0.21(stat) +/- 0.20(syst)
- These data were taken during a quiescent state

	Fourth HAWC Catalog (Alfaro et al., 2026):
	A selection of information for each of the 85 sources in the Fourth HAWC Catalog is provided in TeVCat. For full details, see Alfaro et al., 2026.
	All uncertainties are purely statistical and do not include the systematics.
	The pivot energy is fixed at 2 TeV and is the value that minimizes the correlation between the flux normalization and spectral index for a Crab-like source at 0 deg zenith.

	Name:	4HWC J1654+3944
	R.A. (J2000):	$253.51^{+0.01}_{-0.01}$
	Dec. (J2000):	$39.74^{+0.01}_{-0.01}$
	Extension (radius):	---
	Flux normalisation, N0, at E0 (2TeV):	$10.0^{+0.54}_{-0.52}$
	Spectral Index:	$-2.75^{+0.11}_{-0.09}$
	Beta:	$0.28^{+0.06}_{-0.05}$
	Test Statistic:	782
	TeVCat Association (distance):	Markarian 501 (0.046)

Seen by: Whipple, HEGRA, CAT, MAGIC, Telescope Array, Crimea, Durham, TACTIC, FACT, ARGO-YBJ, VERITAS, HAWC, LHAASO, LST-1

TeV gamma-ray spectral spikes produced by magnetic reconnection in blazar jets: the case of the 2014 high state of Markarian 501
Giesbrecht Formiga Paiva, João G. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2606.00790 (2026) [LINK]
The Fourth HAWC Catalog of Very-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sources
Alfaro, R. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2602.00263 (2026) [LINK]
On the correlation between X-rays and TeV gamma-rays in HBL Blazars
Osorio-Archila, M. et al., MNRAS 536 p3242-3250 (2025) [LINK]
Exploring Constraints on Axion-like Particles with the Observations for blazar Mrk 501
Zhou, Ting et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2501.18860 (2025) [LINK]
Markarian 501 reincarnates with vigor as a temporary EHBL during VHE flaring in July 2014
Puga Oliveros, Sarira Sahu A.U. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2502.07940 (2025) [LINK]
The polarization of the synchrotron radiation from a recollimated jet: application to high-energy BL Lacs
Sciaccaluga, Alberto et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2503.09180 (2025) [LINK]
Photon-ALP beam propagation from Mrk 501
Dong, L.J. et al., Phys. Rev. D 111 p063073 (2025) [LINK]
Graviton-photon conversion in blazar jets as a probe of high-frequency gravitational waves
Matsuo, Himeka and Ito, Asuka, arXiv e-prints parXiv:2505.08457 (2025) [LINK]
X-Ray Spectral Variability of 13 TeV High-energy-peaked Blazars with XMM-Newton
Devanand, P.U. et al., ApJS 278 p20 (2025) [LINK]
Impact of model parameter degeneracy on leptonic radiation models. The case of blazar multi-wavelength spectra
Apel, F. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2506.06080 (2025) [LINK]
IXPE Observations of the Blazar Mrk 501 in 2022: A Multiwavelength View
Lisalda, L. et al., MNRAS p (2025) [LINK]
Unveiling blazar synchrotron emission: a multiwavelength polarimetric study of HSP and LSP populations
Capecchiacci, Sara et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2508.14168 (2025) [LINK]
VHE gamma-ray observations of bright BL Lacs with the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) of the CTAO
Abe, K. et al., MNRAS 544 p669-686 (2025) [LINK]
Discovery of femto Gauss intergalactic magnetic fields towards Mkn 501
Sotomayor Webar, Matias et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2509.11996 (2025) [LINK]
Insights into the broad-band emission of the TeV blazar Mrk 501 during the first X-ray polarization measurements
Abe, S. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2401.08560 (2024) [LINK]
Polarization and Multiwavelength Observations of Mrk 501 Reveal Polarization Variability across Different Energies and Fluxes
Hu, Xin-Ke et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2402.11949 (2024) [LINK]
Broadband Multiwavelength Study of LHAASO-detected Active Galactic Nuclei
Wang, Ze-Rui et al., ApJS 271 p10 (2024) [LINK]
Estimating the jet power from Broadband SED modelling of Mkn 501 for different particle distributions
Bora, Hritwik et al., MNRAS 529 p4433-4441 (2024) [LINK]
Probing Broadband Spectral Energy Distribution and Variability of Mrk 501 in the low flux state
Tantry, Javaid et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2411.00592 (2024) [LINK]
LHAASO detects TeV Gamma-ray Activity from Markarian 501
Xiang, G. et al., The Astronomer's Telegram 16625 p1 (2024) [LINK]
The First LHAASO Catalog of Gamma-Ray Sources
Cao, Zhen et al., ApJS 271 p25 (2024) [LINK]
Polarized Blazar X-rays imply particle acceleration in shocks
Liodakis, Ioannis et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2209.06227 (2022) [LINK]
X-ray Intraday Variability of HBL Blazars with XMM-Newton
Devanand, P.U. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2209.05515 (2022) [LINK]
Multi-messenger characterization of Mrk 501 during historically low X-ray and gamma-ray activity
Abe, H. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2210.02547 (2022) [LINK]
Probing the Extragalactic Mid-infrared Background with HAWC
Albert, A. et al., ApJ 933 p223 (2022) [LINK]
Hadronuclear interactions in the jet of low TeV luminosity AGN: Implications for the low-state very-high-energy gamma-ray emission
Xue, Rui et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2210.09797 (2022) [LINK]
Multiwavelength periodicity search in a sample of gamma-ray bright blazars
Otero-Santos, J. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2210.16327 (2022) [LINK]
Long-term multiwavelength periodicity on the light curves of Mrk 501: the case for an eclipsing supermassive binary black hole
Magallanes-Guijón, G. and Mendoza, S., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2210.15884 (2022) [LINK]
Probing micro-eV ALPs with future LHAASO observation of AGN gamma-ray spectra
Long, Guangbo et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2101.10270 (2021) [LINK]
Kinetic powers of the relativistic jets in Mrk 421 and Mrk 501
Deng, Xiao-Chun et al., MNRAS 504 p878-887 (2021) [LINK]
Long-term spectra of the blazars Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 at TeV energies seen by HAWC
Albert, A. et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2106.03946 (2021) [LINK]
Relentless multi-wavelength variability of Mrk 421 and Mrk 501
Sliusar, Vitalii et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2108.08130 (2021) [LINK]
On the narrow spectral feature at ~3 TeV in the MAGIC spectrum of Mrk 501
Hu, Wen and Yan, DaHai, arXiv e-prints parXiv:2108.10468 (2021) [LINK]
X-ray spectra, light-curves and SEDs of blazars frequently observed by Swift
Giommi, Paolo et al., MNRAS p (2021) [LINK]
Long-term multi-band photometric monitoring of Mrk 501
Arbet-Engels, Axel et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2109.03205 (2021) [LINK]
Detectability of large correlation length inflationary magnetic field with Cherenkov telescopes
Korochkin, Alexander et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2111.10311 (2021) [LINK]
Radio-gamma-ray response in blazars as signature of adiabatic blob expansion
Tramacere, Andrea et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2112.03941 (2021) [LINK]
X-ray timing and spectral variability properties of blazars S5 0716+714, OJ 287, Mrk 501, and RBS 2070
Mohorian, Maksym et al., MNRAS p (2021) [LINK]
Study of the variable broadband emission of Markarian 501 during the most extreme Swift X-ray activity
MAGIC Collaboration et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2001.07729 (2020) [LINK]
Progress in unveiling extreme particle acceleration in persistent astrophysical jets
Biteau, Jonathan et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2001.09222 (2020) [LINK]
NuSTAR View of TeV Blazar Mrk 501
Pandey, Ashwani, Galaxies 8 p55 (2020) [LINK]
Relevance of Jet Magnetic Field Structure for Blazar ALP Searches
Davies, James et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2011.08123 (2020) [LINK]
A Two-zone Photohadronic Scenario for EHBL-like Behavior of Mrk 501
Sahu, Sarira et al., ApJ 901 p132 (2020) [LINK]
Electron-beam interaction with emission-line clouds in blazars
Wendel, Christoph et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:2012.05215 (2020) [LINK]
Studies of extragalactic background light with TeV BL Lacertae objects
Longhua, Qin et al., MNRAS 499 p2662-2671 (2020) [LINK]
The 2014 TeV Gamma-Ray Flare of Mrk 501 Seen with H.E.S.S.: Temporal and Spectral Constraints on Lorentz Invariance Violation
Abdalla, H. et al., ApJ 870 p93 (2019) [LINK]
Extremely High energy peaked BL Lac nature of the TeV blazar Mrk 501
Singh, K K et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:1906.04486 (2019) [LINK]
Multi-TeV flaring in nearby High Energy Blazars: A photohadronic scenario
Sahu, Sarira, arXiv e-prints parXiv:1907.01174 (2019) [LINK]
On the TeV gamma-ray and X-ray correlations exhibited in high-energy peaked BL Lacs: Mrk 501 and 1ES 1959+650
Osorio, Mabel et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:1909.00897 (2019) [LINK]
Spectral analysis of the blazars Markarian 421 and Markarian 501 with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory
Coutino de Leon, S. et al., 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2019) 36 p654 (2019) [LINK]
The VHE SED modelling of Markarian 501 in 2009
Sahu, Sarira et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:1909.11818 (2019) [LINK]
Study of periodic signals from blazars
Bhatta, Gopal, arXiv e-prints parXiv:1909.10268 (2019) [LINK]
Multiwavelength Variability Signatures of Relativistic Shocks in Blazar Jets
Boettcher, Markus and Baring, Matthew G, arXiv e-prints parXiv:1911.02834 (2019) [LINK]
ANTARES search for high-energy neutrinos from TeV-emitting blazars, Markarian 421 and 501, in coincidence with HAWC gamma-ray flares
Organokov, Mukharbek and Pradier, Thierry, arXiv e-prints parXiv:1911.04963 (2019) [LINK]
Modeling spectral lags in active galactic nucleus flares in the context of Lorentz invariance violation searches
Cedric, Perennes et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:1911.10377 (2019) [LINK]
Fundamental physics with blazar spectra: a critical appraisal
Galanti, Giorgio et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:1911.09056 (2019) [LINK]
Study of long-term flux and photon Index distributions of blazars using RXTE observations
Khatoon, Rukaiya et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:1910.14352 (2019) [LINK]
A survey of Active Galaxies with the HAWC Gamma-ray Observatory
Carraminana, Alberto et al., arXiv e-prints parXiv:1908.06831 (2019) [LINK]
Verification of the diffusive shock acceleration in Mrk 501
Zheng, Y.G. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
X-ray spectral variability of blazars using principal component analysis
Gallant, D. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
The Polarization Behavior of Relativistic Synchrotron Jets
Peirson, A.L. and Romani, R.W., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
Multi-wavelength study of the short term TeV flaring activity from the blazar Mrk 501 observed in June 2014
Singh, K. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
The extreme HBL behaviour of Markarian 501 during 2012
Ahnen, M.L. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
Blazar Mrk 501 shows rhythmic oscillations in its gamma-ray emission
Bhatta, G., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
Search for high-energy neutrino emission from Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 with the ANTARES neutrino telescope
Organokov, M. and Pradier, T., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
Systematic investigation of X-ray spectral variability of TeV blazars during flares in the RXTE era
Wang, Y. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
Probing the Jets of Blazars Using the Temporal Symmetry of Their Multi-Wavelength Outbursts
Roy, N. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
Photon-ALP oscillations from a blazar to us up to 1000 TeV
Galanti, G. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
Infrared emission from dust and the spectral features of extragalactic gamma-ray sources
de Matos Pimentel, D.R. and Moura-Santos, E., ArXiv e-prints p (2018) [LINK]
Flux Distribution of Gamma-Ray Emission in Blazars: The Example of Mrk 501
Romoli, C. et al., Galaxies 6 p135 (2018) [LINK]
Long-term optical monitoring of TeV emitting blazars. I. Data analysis
Nilsson, K. et al., A&A 620 pA185 (2018) [LINK]
Search for Magnetically Broadened Cascade Emission From Blazars with VERITAS
VERITAS Collaboration et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
Multiwavelength study of VHE emission from Markarian 501 using TACTIC observations during April-May, 2012
Chandra, P. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
Testing models of extragalactic gamma-ray propagation using observations of extreme blazars in GeV and TeV energy ranges
Dzhatdoev, T.A. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
The VHE anomaly in blazar spectra and related phenomena
Dzhatdoev, T. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
Daily monitoring of TeV gamma-ray emission from Mrk 421, Mrk 501, and the Crab Nebula with HAWC
Albert, A. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
Black hole astrophysics with HAWC, the High Altitude Water Cherenkov gamma-ray observatory
Alberto Carraminana for the HAWC Collaboration, ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
X-ray Intraday Variability of Five TeV Blazars with NuSTAR
Pandey, A. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
X-ray/gamma-ray flux correlations in the BL Lacs Mrk 421 and 501 using HAWC data
Garcia-Gonzalez, J.A. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
Spectral analysis of Markarian 421 and Markarian 501 with HAWC
Coutino de Leon, S. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
The 2HWC HAWC Observatory Gamma-Ray Catalog
Abeysekara, A.U. et al., ApJ 843 p40 (2017) [LINK]
Search for intra-day optical variability in Mrk 501
Feng, H. C. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
Modelling blazar flaring using a time-dependent fluid jet emission model - an explanation for orphan flares and radio lags
Potter, W.J., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
R-band host galaxy contamination of TeV gamma-ray blazar Mrk 501: effects of the aperture size and seeing
Feng, H.-C. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
Hard X-ray properties of NuSTAR blazars
Bhatta, G. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2017) [LINK]
Discovery of off-axis jet structure of TeV blazar Mrk 501 with mm-VLBI
Koyama, S. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
Tests of the Einstein Equivalence Principle using TeV Blazars
Wei, J.-J. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
Multi-band optical variability of three TeV Blazars on Diverse Timescales
Gupta, A.C. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
Limits on Lorentz invariance violation at the Planck energy scale from H.E.S.S. spectral analysis of the blazar Mrk 501
Lorentz, M. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
Very High Energy outburst of Markarian 501 in May 2009
Aliu, E. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
Probing Acceleration and Turbulence at Relativistic Shocks in Blazar Jets
Baring, M.G. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
First year results of the High Altitude Water Cherenkov observatory
Carraminana, A. and for the HAWC Collaboration, ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
First Study of Combined Blazar Light Curves with FACT and HAWC
Dorner, D. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
EBL effect on the observation of multi-TeV flaring of 2009 from Markarian 501
Sahu, S. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
The Exceptional Flare of Mrk 501 in 2014: Combined Observations with H.E.S.S. and FACT
Cologna, G. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
Simulating Electromagnetic Cascades in Magnetospheres of Active Galactic Nuclei
Wendel, C. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
Multiband variability studies and novel broadband SED modeling of Mrk 501 in 2009
Ahnen, M.L. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2016) [LINK]
Probing Precise Location of Radio Core in TeV Blazar Mrk 501 with VERA at 43 GHz
Koyama, S. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
Synchrotron Self-Compton Emission by Relativistic Electrons under Stochastic Acceleration: Application to Mrk 421 and Mrk 501
Kakuwa, J. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
Multi-frequency, Multi-epoch Study of Mrk 501: Hints for a Two-component Nature of the Emission
Shukla, A. et al., ApJ 798 p2 (2015) [LINK]
Spectral characteristics of Mrk 501 during the 2012 and 2014 flaring states
Cologna, G. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
First NuSTAR Observations of Mrk 501 within a Radio to TeV Multi-Instrument Campaign
Furniss, A. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
Rapid variability at very high energies in Mrk 501
Chakraborty, N. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
First study of Mrk 501 through the eyes of NuSTAR, VERITAS and the LIDAR-corrected eyesight of MAGIC
Noda, K. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
On the detectability of Lorentz invariance violation through anomalous multi-TeV gamma-ray spectra of blazars
Tavecchio, F. and Bonnoli, G., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
Lower Bound on the Cosmic TeV Gamma-ray Background Radiation
Inoue, Y. and Tanaka, Y.T., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
Multi-color optical monitoring of Mrk 501 from 2010 to 2015
Xiong, D. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
Monitoring TeV blazars with HAWC
Lauer, R.J. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2015) [LINK]
Increased VHE activity from Mrk 501 detected with H.E.S.S.
Stegmann, C. for the HESS Collaboration, The Astronomer's Telegram 6268 p1 (2014) [LINK]
Multiwavelength observations of Mrk 501 in 2008
MAGIC Collaboration et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2014) [LINK]
Blazar Anti-Sequence of Spectral Variation within individual Blazars: Cases for Mrk 501 and 3C 279
Zhang, J. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2013) [LINK]
The Stability of BVRI Comparison Stars Near Selected TeV Blazars
Pace, C.J. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2013) [LINK]
Unprecedented temporal evolution of the broad-band emission of the BL Lac Mrk 501
Doert, M. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2013) [LINK]
TeV gamma-ray survey of the Northern sky using the ARGO-YBJ detector
The ARGO-YBJ Collaboration et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2013) [LINK]
TeV blazar variability: the firehose instability?
Subramanian, P. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2012) [LINK]
Emitting Electrons and Source Activity in Markarian 501
Mankuzhiyil, N. et al., ApJ 753 p154 (2012) [LINK]
Long-term Monitoring of Mrk 501 for its Very High Energy Gamma Emission and a Flare in 2011 October
Bartoli, B. et al., ApJ 758 p2 (2012) [LINK]
Spectral Energy Distribution of Markarian 501: Quiescent State Versus Extreme Outburst
Acciari, V.A. et al., ApJ 729 p2-+ (2011) [LINK]
Broad Ly alpha Emission from Three Nearby BL Lacertae Objects
Stocke, J.T. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
On the emission lines in active galactic nuclei with relativistic jets
Foschini, L., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
Very hard gamma-ray emission from a flare of Mrk 501
Neronov, A. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
''Leading blob'' model in a stochastic acceleration scenario: the case of the 2009 flare of Mkn\501
Lefa, E. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
Multifrequency Variability and Correlations from Extensive Observing Campaigns of Mkn 421 and Mkn 501 in 2009
Barres de Almeida, U. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
Monitoring of bright, nearby Active Galactic Nuclei with the MAGIC telescopes
Wagner, R. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
Highlights of the VERITAS Blazar Observation Program
Wystan Benbow for the VERITAS Collaboration, ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
Detailed Multifrequency Study of a Rapid VHE Flare of Mrk501 in May 2009
Pichel, A. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2011) [LINK]
Rapid TeV Flaring in Markarian 501
Zheng, Y.G. and Zhang, L., ApJ 728 p105 (2011) [LINK]
Search for an extended VHE gamma-ray emission from Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 with the MAGIC Telescope
Aleksic, J. et al., A&A 524 pA77+ (2010) [LINK]
Additional acceleration of protons and energetic neutrino production in a filamentary jet of the blazar Markarian 501.
Honda, Y.S. and Honda, M., PASJ 62 p735-742 (2010) [LINK]
Insights Into the High-Energy Gamma-ray Emission of Markarian 501 from Extensive Multifrequency Observations in the Fermi Era
The Fermi-LAT collaboration, the MAGIC collaboration, the VERITAS collaboration, the GASP-WEBT consortium, multi-wavelength partners, ArXiv e-prints p (2010) [LINK]
The Jets of TeV Blazars at Higher Resolution: 43 GHz and Polarimetric VLBA Observations from 2005 to 2009
Piner, B.G. et al., ApJ 723 p1150-1167 (2010) [LINK]
Significant Limb-Brightening in the Inner Parsec of Markarian 501
Piner, B.G. et al., ApJ 690 pL31-L34 (2009) [LINK]
Fast TeV variability in blazars: jet in a jet
Giannios, Dimitrios et al., p (2009) [LINK]
Simultaneous Multiwavelength observation of Mkn 501 in a low state in 2006
The MAGIC Collaboration: H.Anderhub et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2009) [LINK]
VERITAS Observations of Mkn 501 in 2009
Huang, D. et al., ArXiv e-prints p (2009) [LINK]
Multi-wavelength Observations of Markarian 501
Gall, D. and for the VERITAS Collaboration, ArXiv e-prints p (2009) [LINK]
X-ray spectral evolution of TeV BL Lacertae objects: eleven years of observations with BeppoSAX, XMM-Newton and Swift satellites
Massaro, F. et al., A&A 478 p395-401 (2008) [LINK]
Results of observation of Cyg gamma-2, BL Lac, 3C66A, Mk 501, and the Crab nebula by the GT-48 gamma-ray telescope in 2006
Neshpor, Y.I. et al., Bulletin Crimean Astrophysical Observatory 104 p141-144 (2008) [LINK]
On the rapid TeV flaring activity of Markarian 501
Mastichiadis, A. and Moraitis, K., ArXiv e-prints p (2008) [LINK]
Very high energy Gamma-ray observations of Mrk 501 using the TACTIC imaging Gamma-ray telescope during 2005 06
Godambe, S.V. et al., Journal of Physics G Nuclear Physics 35 p065202-+ (2008) [LINK]
TeV observations of Mrk 501 with the TACTIC gamma-ray telescope during 2005-06
Godambe, S.V. et al., Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India 25 p67-+ (2008) [LINK]
Systematic Search for VHE Gamma-Ray Emission from X-Ray-bright High-Frequency BL Lac Objects
Albert, J. et al., ApJ 681 p944-953 (2008) [LINK]
Variable Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from Markarian 501
Albert, J. et al., ApJ 669 p862-883 (2007) [LINK]
Intrinsic absorbers in BL Lac objects: The XMM-Newton view
Blustin, A.J. et al., A&A 417 p61-70 (2004) [LINK]
The TeV Energy Spectrum of Markarian 501 Measured with the Stereoscopic Telescope System of HEGRA during 1998 and 1999
Aharonian, F. et al., ApJ 546 p898-902 (2001) [LINK]
Reanalysis of the high energy cutoff of the 1997 Mkn 501 TeV energy spectrum
Aharonian, F.A. et al., A&A 366 p62-67 (2001) [LINK]
Multiwavelength Observations of Markarian 501 during the 1997 High State
Petry, D. et al., ApJ 536 p742-755 (2000) [LINK]
Detection of Multi-TEV Gamma Rays from Markarian 501 during an Unforeseen Flaring State in 1997 with the Tibet Air Shower Array
Amenomori, M. et al., ApJ 532 p302-307 (2000) [LINK]
VHE gamma-ray spectral properties of the blazars Mrk 501 and Mrk 421 from CAT observations in 1997 and 1998
Piron, Frederic and CAT Collaboration, 515 p113-118 (2000) [LINK]
The time averaged TeV energy spectrum of MKN 501 of the extraordinary 1997 outburst as measured with the stereoscopic Cherenkov telescope system of HEGRA
Aharonian, F.A. et al., A&A 349 p11-28 (1999) [LINK]
The temporal characteristics of the TeV gamma-radiation from MKN 501 in 1997. I. Data from the stereoscopic imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope system of HEGRA
Aharonian, F.A. et al., A&A 342 p69-86 (1999) [LINK]
High-Energy Emission from the TEV Blazar Markarian 501 during Multiwavelength Observations in 1996
Kataoka, J. et al., ApJ 514 p138-147 (1999) [LINK]
Very High Energy Gamma-ray spectral properties of MKN 501 from CAT Cerenkov telescope observations in 1997
Djannati-Atai , A. et al., A&A 350 p17-24 (1999) [LINK]
The Flux Variability of Markarian 501 in Very High Energy Gamma Rays
Quinn, J. et al., ApJ 518 p693-698 (1999) [LINK]
The temporal characteristics of the TeV gamma -emission from MKN 501 in 1997. II. Results from HEGRA CT1 and CT2
Aharonian, F. et al., A&A 349 p29-44 (1999) [LINK]
TeV Observations of Markarian 501 with the Milagrito Water Cerenkov Detector
Atkins, R. et al., ApJ 525 pL25-L28 (1999) [LINK]
Observations of TeV gamma rays from Markarian 501 at large zenith angles
Chadwick, P.M. et al., Journal of Physics G Nuclear Physics 25 p1749-1753 (1999) [LINK]
Measurement of the Multi-TEV Gamma-Ray Flare Spectra of Markarian 421 and Markarian 501
Krennrich, F. et al., ApJ 511 p149-156 (1999) [LINK]
Observations of TeV Gamma Ray Flares from Markarian 501 with the Telescope Array Prototype
Hayashida, N. et al., ApJ 504 pL71+ (1998) [LINK]
Detection of gamma-rays above 1.5TeV from MKN 501.
Bradbury, S.M. et al., A&A 320 pL5-L8 (1997) [LINK]
Measurement of the flux, spectrum, and variability of TeV Gamma-rays from MKN 501 during a state of high activity.
Aharonian, F. et al., A&A 327 pL5-L8 (1997) [LINK]
Multiwavelength Observations of a Flare from Markarian 501
Catanese, M. et al., ApJ 487 pL143-L146 (1997) [LINK]
Detection of Gamma Rays with E > 300 GeV from Markarian 501
Quinn, J. et al., ApJ 456 pL83+ (1996) [LINK]

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Canonical Name:	Markarian 501
TeVCat Name:	TeV J1653+397
Other Names:	4C +39.49 B3 1652+398 RGB J1653+397 H 1652+398 1ES 1652+398 3FGL J1653.9+3945 2HWC J1653+397 1LHAASO J1653+3943 4HWC J1654+3944
Source Type:	HBL
R.A.:	16 53 52.2 (hh mm ss)
Dec.:	+39 45 37 (dd mm ss)
Gal Long:	63.60 (deg)
Gal Lat:	38.86 (deg)
Distance:	z=0.034
Flux:	(Crab Units)
Energy Threshold:	300 GeV
Spectral Index:	2.72
Extended:	No
Discovery Date:	1996-01
Discovered By:	Whipple
TeVCat SubCat:	Default Catalog

Observation Date (UT)	Observation Lat